Geopolitics of indigenous peoples: the case study of the Native Americans of the San Francisco Bay area and the Noongar people of the Perth metropolitan area (Western-Australia) :Far from belonging to the past, territorial claims and struggles for land rights take common forms on both sides of the Pacific Ocean. Although characterized by local specificities, the globalization process now shows a more global indigenous geopolitics. This dissertation focuses on the reconfiguration of indigenous activism, the role of the Native American model of the United States in this process in order to highlight a common global trend among indigenous peoples. It also questions the role of the indigenous populations in cities by studying tensions and power struggles triggered by their presence. The main focus of this dissertation is the Native American community of the San Francisco Bay area. The United States of America appears as a unique case among Western countries since it displays the most complete exercise of tribal sovereignty (for the federally recognized tribes). This dissertation, however, aims to show that the dynamics observed in the United States occur in other states. The Australian case study (focused on the Noongar people living in the Perth metropolitan area in the state of Western-Australia) is therefore useful for our analysis because it brings a counterpoint which will allow us to develop a global reflection on the issues of urban indigenousness.Keywords : geopolitics, indigenous peoples, sovereignty, city, nation, minority, territory.