ICEMAC 2 or Management accounting in IcelandToday, Management accounting and control (MACC) systems are one of the primary information functions in the company. Use of state of the art methods for cost accounting, budgeting, management reporting, internal control and performance measurement has enabled companies to use accounting information to their advantage in the marketplace and for lowering costs. Evidence suggests that efficient and effective registration, processing and reporting of accounting information to decision makers means shorter decision times, more qualified decisions, more effective control of operations, improved coordination and better management of company assets. Improved management accounting and control is thus a crucial part of improved management practices and ultimately improved business performance. Although the effects of the external environment on the design of MACC systems has been researched in various countries, few academic studies of MACC in general and changes in MACC design in particular have been carried out in Iceland. One of the most comprehensive studies was carried out in 2008 by Reykjavik University. This study, called ICEMAC, mapped the state of MACC practices and design in over 65% of the largest companies in Iceland using a comprehensive web based survey tool (Rikhardsson et al., 2012). ICEMAC focused on the following MACC elements:1. Cost accounting: Cost accounting frameworks including variability accounting, contribution margin accounting and full cost accounting. 2. Planning and budgeting: Budgeting practices in use, the budgeting process and uses of budgeting information. 3. Internal control and risk management: Ensuring quality of accounting information, risk management and planning, safeguarding data and use of internal control frameworks. 4. Performance measurement: Use of performance measurement frameworks, performance indicators and performance reporting systems.