Introduction to Linear Algebra• Reviewed material for student classes to enhance learning, attempting unique ways to reinforce program materials.

In this work we analyze the dynamic response of the ionospheric critical frequency f0F2depending on the ascending and descending phase of the solar cycle. The aim is to determine ifthe underlying responding process of the ionosphere to the solar cycle can be described as adeterministic chaotic process. The 2-dimensional state-space is reconstructed for the response ofthe f0F2 ionospheric parameter in different phases of the solar cycle, to determine the presenceor not of strange attractors. Also, the correlation dimension and Hurst exponent are estimated tocharacterize the dynamics of the Solar Activity-Ionosphere system. Sunspot number and solarradio flux were used as indexes of solar activity.

Metrics for comparing partitions have applications in genetics, from quantifying the distances between genetic codes to offering insights on how different organelles evolve. By studying generic properties of beta-entropy metrics and how the parameter beta affects the distances between partitions. In this regard, we use distortion to quantify the deformation of the spatial organization of the partitions of a finite set. Secondly, we represent genetic codes mathematically through partitions and use our results about the beta-metrics distortion to explain certain features of evolution of certain organelles.