The content of my PhD thesis entitled “Provenance Study of the Archaeological Pottery of Northeast India” describes the technical aspects of ancient pottery of Northeast India.This work attempts to examine the mineralogical and chemical compositions of ceramics using several analytical techniques. This work also investigates the provenance of the archaeological ceramics by using thin section petrography. The main aims of the present study are to determine the mineralogical and chemical characterization of archaeological pottery of Assam. This characterization will provide technological development of the ancient pottery of Assam and Neolithic period of Northeast India. Thermal characterization of the ceramics is also done to get information about the firing technique, atmosphere. Furrier Transform Infrared (FTIR), Raman Spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Powder X-Ray Diffraction have been applied to determine the firing temperature and atmosphere. Physical characteristics of analyzed ceramics, such as hardness have been determined by using Mohs‟ scale and Micro Hardness Tester. To identify and characterize the mineralogical composition in analyzed pottery samples, thin section petrography, Powder XRD, FT-IR, have been used. In addition, the Raman spectroscopy can also identify the minerals that are present in the ceramics. Identification of elements in analyzed potsherds has carried out using EDX and LIBS.