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Division of Biological Sciences, Laboratory of Kit Pogliano, Ph.D.• Continuation of postdoctoral project on microbial interspecies interactions and the mechanism of action of several antibiotics produced by Bacillus subtilis.

BIMM 120 Lecturer Fall 2013• Organized, created lectures, and taught core course in Bacteriology. Enrollment: 400 students.

Laboratory of Kit Pogliano, PhD• Characterized the role of SpoIID in peptidoglycan degradation during B. subtilis sporulation. o Discovered using membrane & DNA-intercalating fluorescent dyes along with deconvolution fluorescent microscopy that SpoIID is targeted to the sporulation septum, where it interacts with SpoIIP & SpoIIM.o Changed conserved amino acids in SpoIID to alanine. Characterized mutant strains via deconvolution fluorescent microscopy.• Found mutations that eliminated peptidoglycan degradation activity & showed increased septal localization, reduced peptidoglycan degradation activity & caused uneven engulfment, & destabilized the protein.o Results were published in Journal of Bacteriology. • Investigated outcomes of interaction between Bacillus subtilis & Gram Negatives isolated from soil samples with a side-by-side assay on different media types.o Defined 3 morphologically distinct outcomes of interaction: coexistence, lysis of neighboring colonies, & colony invasion. Selected representative Gram-negative bacteria showing each of these outcomes.o Used a candidate gene approach to identify secreted molecules that are required for the total loss of viability in the Gram-negative species. o Visualized side-by-side interactions of fluorescently labeled species using Leica fluorescent Stereomicroscope.o Made crude extracts from the undomesticated B. subtilis (wild-type 3610) along with the secondary metabolites mutant strains (sfp, srfA, pks, ppsB, albA). Determined the minimum inhibitory dilution (MID) of crude extracts against E. coli lptD4213 using bacterial cytological profiling (BCP), which utilized fluorescent microscopy.o Collaborated with a chemist (Gerry Newton) to purify secondary metabolites from crude extracts.o Determined mechanism of action of purified secondary metabolites using BCP.o Results were published in The Journal of Antibiotics• Work was supported by an NIH post-doctoral fellowship

• Studied circadian rhythms in cyanobacteria (Synechococcus elongatus). Focused on establishing the mechanism of circadian global gene regulation.• Demonstrated a circadian clock regulated chromosome compaction rhythm that matches that of a concurrent gene expression rhythm. This was a popular hypothesis in the field but, until these studies, the link had not been established.o Developed an assay to look at chromosome compactions in live cells using fluorescent DNA dye & visualized using deconvolution fluorescent microscopy. o Results were published in PNAS• Established a link between dark-induced chromosome compaction & phase shifts in gene expression rhythms using deconvolution fluorescent microscopy, dark pulses, & bioluminsecence.o Used bioluminescence PkaiB::luc+ to follow circadian regulated gene expression after phase-shift with 5hr dark pulses.o Demonstrated using deconvolution microscopy that dark treatments induce complete chromosome compaction.o Was the first to establish that chromosome compaction has a role in circadian clock-regulated gene expression patterns & that the chromosome compaction state likely determines phase angle.o Results were published in Bacterial Circadian Programs• Investigated the role of SmcA in chromosome dynamics.o Constructed an smcA3 allele and found that the smcA3 strain lacks dark-induced chromosome compaction & altered gene expression patterns in response to 5hr dark treatments.o Results were published in Bacterial Circadian Programs• Collaborated with Jonathan Zehr’s UC Santa Cruz lab in studying diel cycling of DNA staining and nifH gene regulation in Crocosphaera watsonii (a unicellular cyanobacterium).o Results were published in Environmental Microbiology.• Research was supported by an individually earned NIH Genetics Training Grant.• Served as Chair of the Cell and Molecular Graduate Student Advisory Committee at the University of Utah for 1 year.

Co-Lecturer BIOL 7160 Spring 2008• Graduate Level Microbiology: Special Topics. Co-Lecturer and course organizer. Professor: S. Parkinson, Ph.D. Enrollment: 10 students.Guest Lecturer BIOL 3370 Spring 2008 and Spring 2007• Microbial Biology undergraduate course. Guest lecturer for one lecture in 2008 and two lectures in 2007. Professor: S. Williams, Ph.D. Enrollment: 50 students. Teaching Assistant BIOL 3370 Spring 2004 – 2006• Microbial Biology undergraduate course. Duties included developing two lecture topics, co-writing exams and grading. Professor: S. Williams, Ph.D. Enrollment: 50-100 students.Teaching Assistant BIOL 5275 Fall 2005• Microbial Diversity, Genomics, and Evolution undergraduate lab course. Duties included assisting students with lab equipment, developing experiments, and grading. Professor: C. Dale, Ph.D. Enrollment: 25 students.Teaching Assistant BIOL 5255 Fall 2004• Prokaryotic Genetics undergraduate lab course. Duties included assisting students with lab equipment, experiments, and grading. Professor: S. Parkinson, Ph.D.Enrollment: 25 students.

• Aided in establishing this laboratory at the University of Utah.• Established and implemented Standard Operating Procedures to streamline lab processes. 
• Ordered and controlled inventory of general lab supplies. 
• Researched and assesses lab equipment to be purchased. 
• Built and maintained relationships with vendors to find ideal lab products; negotiated prices with vendors. 
• Facilitated repairs of lab equipment as needed.• Troubleshot the growth of cyanobacteria after they were shipped from Texas A&M (had to fine tune the growth media to get them to survive in Utah).• Performed experiments to study circadian rhythms in cyanobacteria (Synechococcus elongatus).o Used bioluminescence and known clock gene promoters, such as PkaiB::luc+ to follow circadian regulated gene expression in various clock gene mutant strains.