• Analyzed root causes for weldment failure in FeedThru leading to high rate of hermiticity failure in Class III medical device. Worked on the feedthru design changes resulting in 100% pass in Helium leak testing. • Worked on understanding the requirements and challenges active medical implant poses in an MRI environment. Leading effort in project planning, scoping and testing requirement for MRI labeling of Active medical implants.• Actively involved in ISO10974 and PC 76 Standard committees for shaping the standards for testing active medical implant in MR environment.• Successfully performed MR testing and obtained MRI labeling for over 10 active medical implants by FDA and DEKRA.

• Successfully launched next generation surgical instruments for Direct Lateral Interbody Fusion. In this project worked on developing a Class II Inserter and various Class I access and disc preparation instruments. This project line is bringing 5 % incremental growth in Direct Lateral procedures. • Led the efforts in conceptualizing HA coatings on PEEK implants. This project focused on coating the PEEK implants with Hydroxyapatite, which has the capability of bonding directly with bone thus improving the fixation of implants with bone. In this project led the cross functional team in completing the phase 1 and phase 2 of the design control process. Coordinated the efforts in managing the scientists working on the testing of prototypes and with the executive management in MSB.• Led the effort in developing the MSD specification for Hydroxyapatite coating on PEEK.• Led the effort of performing basic research on the feasibility and development of Stand Alone Direct Lateral Plate. This plate is a first of a kind which is intended to use along with Clydesdale interbody in the Direct Lateral approach.• Led the effort in performing basic research on the feasibility and development of the concept of coating Titanium on PEEK interbody products. • Led the effort in summarizing various biomechanical studies conducted by MSB over many years. This research work provided a better understanding of stability provided by various products used for spine stabilization.

• Performed extensive new product development activities while developing Dynatek’s Coating Durability Tester, including design, materials selection, components sourcing, assembly and product validation. This first-of-its-kind tester produces a forward fluid flow and pulsating testing environment to allow for expansion and contraction of drug eluting stents similar to in vivo motion. The unit is equipped with in-line laser particle counters for detection and quantification of particles shedding from stent coatings. Development of this testing unit required integration of mechanical components, electronics and software. This project increased the revenue of Dynatek by more than $2.2 million, which represents a large portion of the total revenue for this company.

• Developed and implemented test methods for using High Speed Photographic Camera in measuring diametric change of intravascular devices such as stents during accelerated durability testing. This increased the credibility of using optical devices in stent testing and has become a preferred control mechanics during durability testing. • Implemented new design of Large Vascular Prosthesis Tester and conducted study on symmetry of expansion of mock arteries during single and double ended pressurization.• Conducted a study on linear elastic mechanics of mock arteries, which makes a comparison of directly measured and theoretically predicted deflection of vascular stents during durability testing.• Conducted study on comparing the distension of mock arteries and stents by optical, mechanical and theoretical methods.

• Worked as a project leader in leading the team of undergraduates from University of Kansas in designing and developing test methods for identifying frequency response problems of in-line pressure transducers during dynamic testing.• Worked as a project leader in leading the team of undergraduates from University of Kansas, in designing and developing artificial lumbar intervertebral disc.• Designed and improved the testing and motion performance of Dynamic Compliance Tester, the tester capable of measuring percentage radial compliance of mock arteries.

• Developed a dynamic test protocol to compute compliance of mock arteries between 80-120 mm Hg and also compared several analytical methods in determining the dynamic compliance.• Investigated the relationship between the frequency dependent compliance and hysteresis of silicone and latex mock arteries used in stent testing.

Course: ME346- Selection and processing of Engineering Materials, Supervised machine shop and instructed Materials Testing Laboratory

• Developed and tested analogue soft tissues and analogue L3-L4 lumbar functional spine units that represented the anatomical and mechanical behavior of human lumbar spine. Altered the material properties of the analogue soft tissues, which in turn varied the mechanical characteristics of the functional spine unit. Results from the study were compared with the human lumbar spinal segments tested in the similar fashion as the composite functional spine unit. This study was the first step taken towards systematic development of a synthetic lumbar spine, representing different age groups and population variances