CRC/Transregio 154

In the transformation to a climate-neutral energy system of the future based on electricity and (green) hydrogen, natural gas will continue to play a role for a long time. In particular, hydrogen infrastructure will build on existing gas grid capacity. In addition, it is expected that hydrogen will increasingly replace gas as an energy carrier in applications and thus the transitions to climate neutrality will take place smoothly. To make the transition to renewable energy sources possible, not only does infrastructure need to be newly built or repurposed, it also requires modernization and efficient operation of the grids. CRC 154 set out to do just that with the analysis of gas networks, knowing fully well that deep and new mathematical insights in the context of mathematical modeling, simulation, and optimization as well as the links between them are necessary to answer the questions at the core. In doing so, we kept in mind that, in addition to researching the underlying mathematical theories, transferring to, and using these theories in a real-world context requires a corresponding lead time. CRC 154 is on an excellent path to achieve and complete its initial goals, such as the development and mathematical analysis of a well-founded hierarchy of models including error analysis or the coupling of integer and continuous models and methods for decision making with inherent incomplete or uncertain information. In the following years, the goal is to raise these methods and models and their couplings to the current challenges of energy transition to a new level of quality using the existing and developed mathematical competencies. The simultaneity of the questions in the energy context paired with the inner-mathematical challenges inspires the fascination to work in this complex of topics and lets expect promising and new deep insights.