I am Lecturer in the Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology at the University of Liverpool. My research interests include membrane transporters, psychopharmacology, genetics & the blood-brain barrier (BBB). This means my research lies at the interface of drug transporters, blood-brain barrier (BBB) biology and molecular properties that determine the mechanism of transporter action.One aspect of research in my lab group focuses on understanding the importance of transporters in the passage of drugs through the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and relating this to patient outcomes such as efficacy by using pharmacogenetic approaches ie choosing the right patients. This could lead to a personalised medicine approach for the drug of interest and thus in the long run improved outcomes for patients receiving this compound hence improving the commercial viability/use of the drug of interest. Conversely if a drug interacts with a BBB drug transporter this could then determine the penetration of the compound into the CNS thus having implications in terms of efficacy or CNS based adverse side effects. We can investigate these interaction with genetic screening approaches, transporter overexpression cell lines and in vitro models of the BBB. Another major aspect of our research is to understand the molecular properties involved in the mechanism of transporter action utilising both in silico and wet lab experiments. This understanding at the biochemical level will aid in the identification of optimal ligands that are substrates or inhibitors of the transporter of interest.