Professor of Economics, Non-Resident Scholar at Bruegel, Brussels, Co-founder and Fellow at CASE - Center for Social and Economic Research in Warsaw, Visiting Professor at Central European University, Vienna (2022-2023), Professor at the Higher School of Economics in Moscow (2014-2022), Fellow under the 2014-2015 Fellowship Initiative of the European Commission – Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs, Member of the Board of Trustees and Scientific Council of the E.T. Gaidar Institute for Economic Policy in Moscow (1996-2016), former Chairman of the Supervisory Council and President of CASE (1991-2011), former Chairman of the Supervisory Board of CASE Ukraine in Kyiv (1999-2009 and 2013-2015); Former First Deputy Minister of Finance (1989-1990), Member of Parliament (1991-1993) and Member of the Monetary Policy Council of the National Bank of Poland (1998-2004); Since the end of 1980s he has been involved in policy advising and policy research in Azerbaijan, Belarus, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Egypt, Georgia, Iraq, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Macedonia, Moldova, Mongolia, Poland, Romania, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Serbia, Somalia, Syria, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan and Yemen, as well as in a number of international research projects related to monetary and fiscal policies, growth and poverty, currency crises, international financial architecture, perspectives of European integration, European Neighborhood Policy and political economy of transition; World Bank, IMF, UNDP and OECD consultant; Author of several academic and policy papers, and editor of several book publications.